Archive Record
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MANORS OF PACHENESHAM AND LEATHERHEAD AND PACHENESHAM PARVA (RANDALLS), LEATHERHEAD: RECORDS, c.1300-1860
Reference Number: K6
Descriptive Information about the Record (click to expand) Provenance The majority of the records were presented by A J Penman of Wimbledon in June 1935. However, records under the following references were presented by A W Hughes Clarke of Worcester Park in April 1955: K6/1/1/1, 15-17 and 20; K6/1/2/1 and 3; K6/2/1/1; K6/2/2/2. Records under the references K6/1/1/21 and K6/1/2/4 were presented by Gilbert Grantham of Brixham, Devon in May 1956. Nothing is known of the earlier provenance of any of the records.
-Introduction Manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead: History of the Manor
The manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead, earlier called Pachenesham Magna to distinguish it from Pachenesham Parva manor, first appears in Domesday Book. In 1066 it was chiefly held by 'Aelmer' from royal demesne and Earl Harold; in 1086 it was in the hands of Odo, Bishop of Bayeux and held under him by Hugh, Ranulf and Baynard. WJ Blair suggests that the manor was originally a royal vill or administrative centre, with an associated minster church, serving the region. Certainly before 1257 Leatherhead was the county town of Surrey and in the thirteenth century the manor was held for services connected with the provision of royal justice (see C A F Meekings, ed, The 1235 Surrey Eyre, vol I (Surrey Record Society 1979), pp10-11).
If it was a royal vill the associated territory had been broken up before 1066, leaving only the manor of Ewell in royal hands. The area of the parish of Leatherhead had been divided between two manors, Pachenesham to the north and Thorncroft to the south. The vanished minster church was not on the site of the present parish church, which was founded to serve Thorncroft manor, but may have stood on the enclave of Ewell manor in the north of the parish, the church having remained in royal hands when the larger royal estate was broken up.
The manor reverted to the king on the fall of Odo and appears to have been held by a succession of non resident lords in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, although there is no certain reference until 1286. Market rights were granted in 1248 and confirmed in 1331 and it is possible that a lord of the manor reorganized the street plan of the developing town of Leatherhead, so that all the town lay on Pachenesham territory. In 1286 the manor was purchased by Eustace de Hacche, a prominent royal servant, from Peter de Wateville, to hold of Walter de Thorp, the king's tenant-in-chief.
Hacche probably enlarged and improved the moated manor house and laid out a village for bondsmen close by, in the area now known as Patsom Green. This village of Pachenesham appears to have failed, while the town of Leatherhead to the south was thriving. Piers Gaveston was the next owner and in 1309 he sold the manor to another royal servant, Robert Darcy, who lived there intermittently until his death in 1343 and in 1328 secured a grant of the franchise of view of frankpledge. The inquisition into his holdings, made at his death, states that he held half the manor of the Prior of Merton, as of his manor of Ewell, for 20s pa and suit of court; the other half he held of Robert de Northwode, lord of Gatton, for 5 shillings per annum.
Darcy was succeeded by his daughter Margaret and her husband Sir John Dargentein, who did not reside in Leatherhead, and died in 1383. Dargentein's son in law, Sir Ivo Fitzwarren was the next lord, leasing out the demesne and manor house to William Wimbledon, who was accused before the court of King's Bench of wasting the manorial assets in 1398. In the inquisition taken at Fitzwarren's death in 1414, the manor house appears as a mere site. At this date the manor was held of the king in chief by military service.
Fitzwarren was succeeded by his daughter, Eleanor and her husband Sir John Chediok in 1414. Chediok died in the following year and Eleanor remarried Ralph Busshe. In c1418 they sold the manor to William Massy and in 1428 John Massy was holding half a fee in Pachenesham.
After 1428 the history of the manor is unclear and it was probably divided between co-heirs. Unfortunately the 1472 court roll (K6/1/1/5), is damaged and provides no name for the lord of the manor. In 1527 John Bacon and Reynold Rabett, and their wives Dorothy and Jane, the daughters and heirs of Agnes Hyldersham, herself one of the daughters and heirs of Nicholas Huson, conveyed to Thomas Stydolf of Mickleham two parts of the manor, then divided into four, and all their rights in a third part, already held by Stydolf (K176/12/1). The fourth part, acquired by John Agmondesham in 1499, was subsequently further sub-divided among his grandson's co-heirs and it was not until 1586 that Thomas Stydolf, grandson of Thomas, reunited the manor its entirety.
The Stydolfs remained in possession until the death of Richard Stydolf in 1676, leaving his two daughters, Frances married to James Lord Astley and Margaret married to Thomas Tryon, as his heirs. Margaret's grand-sons, Charles and James, came to succeed to the property and in 1705 James bought out Charles, bequeathing the property to his brother's son, Charles Tryon, in 1722. Charles Tryon left the manor to his son Charles Tryon of Bullwick, Northants in 1744, subject to the life interest of his wife Lady Mary. She sold her interest to her son in 1764 and in 1766 Charles Tryon sold to Anthony Chapman; he in turn sold to Benjamin Bond Hopkins in 1773 who sold to Henry Boulton in 1781.
Henry Boulton died in 1828, leaving massive debts and it required an Act of Parliament, passed on 29 Jul 1839 (2 and 3 Victoria, cap.XLVII: see K3/183 for a copy), to permit his sons to overturn his will and sell his real estate. Felix Calvert Ladbroke had contracted with Boulton's sons to buy the manor in 1835, but the sale could not proceed until the Act had been passed.
An abstract of title in 1859 for Bockett Farm, Leatherhead, also held by Henry Boulton (K3/134), recites a conveyance of 1855 which states that the manor had been long since sold. Strangely, however, Robert Ladbroke appears as lord of the manor from 1835 to 1843 in the draft court book (ref K6/1/1/27), Felix Ladbroke only appearing in 1846. However the tithe apportionment of 1840 gives Felix's name as proprietor. In 1859 Felix Ladbroke sold Pachenesham to Robert Henderson of Randalls whose son was in possession in 1909.
Manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead: Structure of the Manor
Pachenesham manor covered the northern half of the parish of Leatherhead including the village centre, many of whose tenements appear as held of the manor in the rentals of 1418 and 1474-75 (refs K6/1/2/1 and K6/1/2/2). The lord's demesne lay to the north of the village around the site of the manor house, and always appears to have consisted of enclosed blocks of land, which were generally let to farm. Sir Eustace de Hacche increased the cultivated area of the demesne, following an agreement with Sir John D'Abernon, whose tenants had common rights on the land.
In the inquisition post mortem of 1343 the manor comprised a capital messuage, a pigeon house, 200 acres of arable, of which half was sown each year, 8 acres of meadow, 10 acres of wood, a watermill and rents of assize of free and villein tenants, worth £6 0s 10d pa. Autumn work of 10 bondsmen was valued at 10d pa. In 1414, after years of neglect, rents were worth only 60s, although there were now 12 acres of meadow, 4 of pasture and 20 of wood.
The 1418 rental (ref K6/1/2/1) shows that the demesne was leased out to a number of tenants, but a memorandum on the verso of the 1474-1475 rental (ref K6/1/2/2), suggests that it was at that time leased as a single block. By the end of the seventeenth century the Sandes family of Randalls were copyhold tenants of part of the demesne which adjoined the main body of Randalls land. This arrangement appears to have been continued by successive owners of the Randalls estate.
The common field of Leatherhead, which was not enclosed until 1862, lay to the south west of the village. However Blair has established that the manor of Pachenesham included only around 10%, or about 90 acres of the intermingled strips in the field and has suggested that the field was originally laid out by the lord of Thorncroft manor or his tenants on Thorncroft soil. By 1418 Pachenesham manor had also come to hold 3 fields to the south west of the Common Field: Oxencroft, Cokele and Tibele (ref K6/1/2/1).
A schedule attached to the 1839 Act (see K3/183) estimates that at that date the manor contained 1100 acres of freehold land in the lord's hands; 350 acres leased from Merton College, the lord of Thorncroft; 835 acres of freehold land in the hands of other proprietors and 465 copyhold acres. It also falsely states that the manor was coterminous with the parish.
In the north and south of the parish lay commons in which the lords and tenants of all three Leatherhead manors had common rights. The clay commons to the north were divided between the manors, but the Downs to the south were open to all by the early seventeenth century (see Surrey Archaeological Collections, vol XLI p43), although this was not always the case as Pachenesham Parva held enclosed land there in c1300 (ref K6/2/2/1).
The Downs were enclosed in 1862 and in 1865 the north common lands followed. The common meadow lay to the west of the town, next to the river. It was never subject to parliamentary enclosure, probably because a court case of 1849, over the public's right of access to a path to it, established that the meadow had long been used for public recreation.
The incidents of lordship on the tenants of Pachenesham manor seem to have been light, at least by 1418, the date of the first rental (ref K6/1/2/1). At that date more tenants held freely than by customary tenure. The only labour service specified was three days harvest work, attached to a tenement and land at Pachenesham and this had been commuted to a money payment. The same service was also recorded in a draft court roll of 1525 (ref K6/1/1/14) which is the last reference to such burdens.
Manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead: Jurisdiction of the Manor Courts
The business recorded in the court rolls of the manor varies considerably over the centuries and the following chronological survey is intended to describe the functions of the courts and the duties of the manor officers, as revealed in the rolls at different periods.
(i) 1322-1324: These rolls precede the grant to the lord of the manor of the franchise of view of frankpledge in 1328 and thus only court baron business is recorded. Courts appear to have been held frequently in comparison with later periods, four taking place in 1323. No homage is named, but essoins are recorded at the start of each court. Almost all the business comprises transfers of land by inheritance or grant; licences to demise, fines for non-attendance and amercements for animals straying into crops. Several minor cases of debt and trespass appear, jurisdiction over which belonged to courts baron.
(ii) 1472-1540: By 1520 courts are generally being held twice a year in spring and autumn, the court baron following the view of frank-pledge and court leet. No officers, except for the bailiff, appear in the isolated 1472 roll (ref K6/1/1/5) but thereafter the constable, decennarius [tithing-man] and ale-taster generally make regular presentments at the court leet and the election of officers to serve for the following year is recorded. The constable presents minor breaches of the peace, although this duty is shared by the decennarius and also by the jury. No presentments by the constable are recorded after Sep 1530 but elections continue. The decennarius regularly presents those resident adult males failing to attend the view of frankpledge, and from Mar 1530 is described as attending with the men of his tithing. He also appears to have had more general responsibilities, presenting assaults, straying animals, ruinous fences and dishonest butchers and bakers. The ale-taster regularly presents breaches of the assize of bread and ale by brewers and beer vendors.
The jury or inquest, generally of 12 named tenants, is the main vehicle through which the manor court regulates many aspects of daily life within its jurisdiction. The presentments of the jury embrace over-pricing by village tradesmen (eg 1503, 1505, 1506); assaults (eg 1503, Mar 1530); the theft of fish from the lord's fishpond and animals impounded in the manor pound or pinfold (eg 1495, Mar and Sep 1506); nuisances such as ruinous fences, unscoured ditches and roads and bridges in need of repair; the seizure for the lord, to whom they belonged, of the goods of fleeing felons (eg 1495, Mar 1520, Mar 1521); unemployed vagabonds who are to find work or leave (May 1531); bowling on holy days (Oct 1533) and the parlous state of the manor stocks, pillory, tumbrell and 'cukkyngstole' (1472, May 1536). The jury also occasionally involves itself in matters which more normally belong to the court baron - the regulation of the agricultural affairs of the community (Mar 1526, May 1539) and the presentment of offences against manor custom, such as the unlicensed cutting down of trees (Mar 1526).
The court baron operates through its homage which is named from Oct 1533 and comprises most of the same tenants as the jury; indeed in Apr 1531 it is recorded that the two panels are identical. The same absent suitors are regularly fined. Land transfers remain the main business and in Mar 1530 the first surrender out of court, which increasingly becomes the most common vehicle for transferring land, is recorded. The supervision of the common resources of the manor, including the use of the common field when lying fallow, is the other chief function.
(iii) 1586-1602: Courts are generally held once a year, in spring or autumn but additional courts baron might be held. The affairs of the two courts are sometimes not distinguished. The constable presents assaults; the decennarius presents defaulting adult male residents and, on one occasion, an assault (Apr 1594); the ale-taster presents brewers, vendors of beer and innkeepers and also frequently the miller for levying excessive dues.
The election of the 3 officers is generally the only recorded action of the named jury although in 1588 and 1599 it presents defaulting suitors. However the election of the officers is often recorded at the end of the court baron. In 1588 and 1595 oaths of named individuals to be true subjects of the Queen are recorded under leet business.
The homage, sometimes not named, generally presents defaulting suitors. Otherwise court baron business is almost entirely confined to land matters: licences to lease copyhold land, surrenders, deaths of tenants, reliefs on freehold land, with only one general by-law on the use of the Downs recorded (in English) in 1592.
(iv) 1654-1685: Courts are held regularly and in 1683-85 only courts baron take place. Leet activities are confined to the election of officers whose presentments are not recorded. When both courts are held the named jury doubles up as the homage, except in 1682. Defaulting suitors are no longer presented after 1663. Apart from the normal land matters, the regulation of the common and the licensing of the cutting down of trees, two instances of incursions into the lord's park to seize impounded animals and one oath to the keep the peace (all 1663) are also recorded.
(v) 1702-1860: Courts are regularly held in autumn with additional courts baron when necessary. Memoranda of business conducted out of court are included between courts from the mid-eighteenth century. From 1729 the court records follow a set form and for the whole of the period much of the business of the courts, in particular the court leet, has become formalized and of little interest.
Presentments by the three officers are not reported until 1729 and from that date the officers almost invariably have nothing to present, although their elections are reported throughout this period. There are two interesting late occurrences in 1726 and 1731 of the revival of the view of frankpledge, with absent resident males being presented by the decennarius, called the headborough from 1733. The motivation is presumably financial. The ale-taster is reported for neglect of duty in 1768 and presents vendors for selling short measure in 1786 but these are the only occasions on which light is thrown on his activities at this time. A new elected officer, the common driver or poundkeeper, appears in 1702 and regularly from 1733 but very rarely has anything to present: a blocked common footway in 1753 and the impounding of several animals in 1844.
A jury of 12 or more is always named when a court leet is held and retains its function of presenting nuisances such as blocked roads, dung in the streets, etc. Occasionally it interprets its duties more widely, presenting a man for drunkenness in 1706 and another for prophane swearing in 1754. Many of its presentments are of offences which are more normally the domain of the court baron: breaches of manor custom in grazing animals, cutting down trees or furze on common land and encroachments and enclosures on the waste. From around 1730 most presentments, of whatever nature, are made by the jury.
The homage has now shrunk to three on average and offences presented are of the same nature as those outlined above. Land transfers form the great bulk of the business of the court baron, and cases are reported more formally and at greater length, although frequently the court is merely enrolling actions performed out of court.
Although almost all the cases concern copyhold land, reliefs are still being recorded as paid on the transfer of freehold land up to 1848. Cases of enfranchisement of copyhold land are rare, occurring in 1794 and 1859. An increasingly common occurrence is the licensing, with the consent of the tenants, of enclosures of parts of the manorial waste. Regulations concerning the common agricultural affairs of the manorial community are very rare after the first quarter of the eighteenth century.
The Manor of Pachenesham Parva or Randalls: History of the Manor
The manor of Pachenesham Parva, as it existed in the early years of the fourteenth century, was formed from the amalgamation of three estates: lands in the south of the parish, formed out of the manor of Thorncroft; the original estate of Pachenesham Parva, lying to the east of Pachenesham Magna; and the estate known as Randalls. How these came to be united is not at all clear, although Dr Blair has illuminated the process as far as the surviving records allow, in the process of disentangling the records of Pachenesham Parva from Pachenesham Magna.
The origin of the estate in the south of the parish is well documented in two deeds in Merton College Muniments (ref 633 and 634), which have been transcribed and translated by Blair in Proceedings of the Leatherhead and District Local History Society, vol 4, no 1, 1977.
In brief, William de Montfichet, lord of Thorncroft, granted half a hide to his knight, Fulk, son of Amfrid, at some time before 1154, and in c.1170, William's daughter Margaret granted a further hide and a virgate to Fulk's son Amfrid. Blair, through comparing the descriptions in the deeds with the Pachenesham Parva rental of c.1300 (ref K6/2/2/1) has identified the original grant of land as Bockett Farm, south of Thorncroft and Margaret's grant as the fields called Aprils on Gwilt's map (Aperdele in the grant), Joyce Field to the east of the common field and about 94 acres in that field.
By 1225 Amfrid's descendants were calling themselves 'de Ledrede' and by the date of the surviving manorial records (c.1300), their original holdings had become amalgamated with the estate of Pachenesham Parva. The Victoria History of the County of Surrey suggests that this estate was formed from a d'Abernon manor covering part of Fetcham as well and support for this theory is provided by Sir John d'Abernon's claim in 1331 to the right to have a pillory in Leatherhead, by the considerable payment and suit of court owed to Sir John in the first manor rental (ref K6/2/2/1), and by Sir John's grant of the wardship of the heir to the manor to William de Westone in 1326 (BM Add Charter 5590, calendared by Blair in LDLHS, vol 4, no 3, 1979, p58).
John de Leatherhead (de Leddrede, de Ledride), the lord of the manor in the first rental (ref K6/2/2/1) died before 11 May 1326 on which date Sir John d'Abernon granted to William de Westone the wardship of John, the son and heir of Margaret, the daughter and heiress of John de Leatherhead (ref K6/2/1/1). This John is probably the same man as John Randolf, lord of the manor in 1333, and it is possible that Margaret married into the Randolf family thus uniting the Pachenesham Parva lands with her husband's property in the same area.
This family was presumably descended from Randulf, who held a hide and virgate of Bishop Odo in 1086. The likelihood of Margaret having married into the Randolf family is increased by evidence in the court rolls of 1328 and 1331 (ref K6/2/1/1) that a John Randolf was making concessions to tenants until the full age of the heir.
The earliest recorded concession dates from 12 Apr 1322 suggesting that at that date John de Leatherhead was already dead and that John Randolf was acting as guardian for his own son by Margaret. This would mean that the grant of wardship of 1326 to William de Westone, was the second such grant, necessitated, perhaps, by the death of John Randolf. It should be noted however that the 1331 roll actually describes this heir as John son and heir of Margaret, daughter and heiress of John Randolf, which if not a scribal error as Blair suggests, would identify John of Leatherhead with John Randolf and indicate an earlier amalgamation of the estates. This second reconstruction is supported by the fact that in the 365 deeds relating to Leatherhead and surrounding parishes calendared by Blair in LDLHS, vol 4, 1978-1986, John de Leatherhead does not appear by that name in any witness list after 1294 and John Randolf appears many times between 1306 and 1321. This might suggest that the two are indeed one and that John de Leatherhead came to be more commonly called Randolf.
Successive members of the Randolf family held the manor throughout the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. In 1346 John Randolf 'of Packlesham' had a licence for an oratory in his manor and after his death in 1349 he was succeeded by his son William Randolf who was still in possession in 1388. Nicholas Randolf was the owner in the early years of the fifteenth century but thereafter the family and Pachenesham Parva disappear, the latter to re-emerge in the hands of John Agmondesham (d.1509). The later history of the estate is traced in F Bastian 'Sands of Randalls' LDLHS vol 2, no 3, 1959 and The Victoria History of the County of Surrey vol 3, pp.296-7.
Further details may be found in the court records of Pachenesham and Leatherhead as the successive owners of Randalls were copyhold tenants of the larger manor. Robert Henderson, who bought Randalls in 1856 from the trustees of Nathaniel Bland, subsequently acquired the manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead from Felix Ladbroke, thus finally uniting the two Pacheneshams.
The core of the Pachenesham Parva and Randolf lands was what later became known as Randalls, to the north-west of the village, on the east bank of the river. A comparison of the first rental with the 1782-3 map of Leatherhead (ref Zs/129/19) and a survey of Randalls compiled in 1788 (TNA C54/6847) demonstrate that the manorial demesne in the north of the parish can be broadly identified with the Randalls freehold in the eighteenth century. The same rental also reveals that the manor had its own commons on the northern clay and southern downs. The lands in the south of the parish became separated from the Randalls estate at various dates: what is now Bockett Farm was leased off by 1383 (ref K/2/2/4) and Joyce Field was released from its rent in 1388.
The Manor of Pachenesham Parva or Randalls: The records
A careful analysis of the records has enabled W J Blair to disentangle the records of Pachenesham Parva from Pachenesham Magna (see LDLHS vol 3, no 8, 1974) despite the fact that both manors are merely named Pachenesham. Blair reaches his conclusions through a comparison of tenants' names, in which there is little overlap, and because Sir Eustace de Hacche and Robert Darcy, successively lords of Pachenesham Magna between 1286 and 1343, both appear as tenants of the smaller manor in its rentals and court rolls. The four rentals and two court rolls that have been thus identified are the only known surviving manorial records of Pachenesham Parva.
In the absence of any manorial records later than 1383 it is uncertain when the manor relinquished any sort of supervision over its tenants. However, in the first rental, which is also the most detailed, only two tenants are described as holding by villein tenure, and this fact together with the absence of the right of the franchise of view of frankpledge (the first rental actually mentions that the sheriff was still holding his tourns twice a year, and suggests that the manor constituted a separate tithing) may indicate that the need for manor courts was not felt for long and that they may have ceased to be held comparatively early.
-The records - Arrangement The records originally formed separate deposits and were listed under the references K6, K59 and 575. The records have been renumbered for convenience under the reference K6.
The records have been divided into those relating to the manor of Pachenesham Magna or Pachenesham and Leatherhead and those relating to the manor of Pachenesham Parva or Randalls. A stray court roll of 1381-2 for the manor of Southall in Owersby in Lincolnshire, which was among the records deposited by Mr Penman, has been listed after the Leatherhead records as K6/3/1.
For the separation of the medieval records of Pachenesham Parva and Pachenesham Magna and the clarification of the early history of both manors, much use has been made of the work of W J Blair published in Proceedings of the Leatherhead and District Local History (see bibliography and references in list) and in E Vardey (ed), History of Leatherhead: A Town at the Crossroads (Leatherhead and District Local History Society 1988).
-Related Records Manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead:
Bargain and sale of two fourths of the manor to Thomas Stydolf, 1527 (K176/12/1);
Decree concerning a disputed boundary between Pachenesham and Leatherhead and Stoke d'Abernon manors, 1548 (K137/1);
Licence to Robert Sandes to alienate two third share of a fourth part of the manor to Thomas Stydolf, 1585 (2770/1);
Deeds relating to the manor, 1705-1839, in an accumulation of deeds relating in particular to Norbury Park, once held by the Stydolfs, Tryons and Anthony Chapman (K3/6-8, 78-99 and 183);
Documents relating to disputes between Lord George Carpenter, Earl of Tyrconnel, the owner of Randalls, and Mary Tryon and Anthony Chapman, lords of the manor, heriots and fines of his copyhold property in the manor, 1753, 1772 (K176/12/4-10);
A further court roll of 1319 is in the British Library (BM Add Roll 26,055) of which a transcript and translation prepared by John Harvey can be found in Proceedings of the Leatherhead and District Local History Society vol 2 no 6, 1962;
Inquisitions post mortem of 1343 and 1414 (TNA C135/70/3 and TNA C138/9/38(4)) and a list of tenants on the portion of the manor held of Merton Priory (Bodleian MS Laud Misc 723) have been transcribed and edited by W J Blair in LDLHS vol 3 no 9, 1975;
Copy deeds and papers relating to the manor, 1546-1773, and to other lands of the Stydolfs and Tryons in Surrey can be found among the estate papers of the Earls of Harrowby, Sandon Hall, Staffs (vol 931), the fourth earl having purchased High Ashurst manor, part of Mickleham manor, formerly held by the Stydolfs and Tryons, in 1882 (see SHC Report 24).
The Manor of Pachenesham Parva or Randalls:
Items relating to the later history of the estate can be found under references K176/12/8 (c.1763), K35/2/7 (1807) and 6090 (1706-1859);
Two charters, of c.1170 and c.1190, relating to the origins of the southern part of the manor (see introduction), are held by Merton College, Oxford (Merton Muniments 633 and 634). Transcripts and translations are appended to W J Blair's article 'A Military Holding in Twelfth Century Leatherhead: Bockett Farm and the Origins of Pachenesham Parva', Proceedings of the Leatherhead and District Local History Society vol 4 no 1, 1977;
A survey of Randalls of 1788 is held at The National Archives under reference C54/6847.
For manorial records in general see P D A Harvey, Manorial Records (British Records Association 1984).
O Manning and W Bray, The History and Antiquities of the County of Surrey, vol 2, pp.668-671 (London 1809).
The Victoria History of the County of Surrey vol 3, pp.295-7 (London 1911).
E Vardey (ed), History of Leatherhead: A Town at the Crossroads (Leatherhead and District Local History Society 1988), especially chaps 1-2 by W J Blair.
A T Ruby, 'The Manor of Pachenesham, Leatherhead', Surrey Archaeological Collections LV, 1958.
Proceedings of the Leatherhead and District Local History Society, in particular articles by W J Blair cited in the list and:
A T Ruby 'The Story of Eustace de Hacche' (vol 1 no 3, 1949).
A T Ruby 'Lords of Pachenesham in the Fourteenth Century' (vol 1 no 6, 1952).
-Related Records Manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead:
Bargain and sale of two fourths of the manor to Thomas Stydolf, 1527 (K176/12/1);
Decree concerning a disputed boundary between Pachenesham and Leatherhead and Stoke d'Abernon manors, 1548 (K137/1);
Licence to Robert Sandes to alienate two third share of a fourth part of the manor to Thomas Stydolf, 1585 (2770/1);
Deeds relating to the manor, 1705-1839, in an accumulation of deeds relating in particular to Norbury Park, once held by the Stydolfs, Tryons and Anthony Chapman (K3/6-8, 78-99 and 183);
Documents relating to disputes between Lord George Carpenter, Earl of Tyrconnel, the owner of Randalls, and Mary Tryon and Anthony Chapman, lords of the manor, heriots and fines of his copyhold property in the manor, 1753, 1772 (K176/12/4-10);
A further court roll of 1319 is in the British Library (BM Add Roll 26,055) of which a transcript and translation prepared by John Harvey can be found in Proceedings of the Leatherhead and District Local History Society vol 2 no 6, 1962;
Inquisitions post mortem of 1343 and 1414 (TNA C135/70/3 and TNA C138/9/38(4)) and a list of tenants on the portion of the manor held of Merton Priory (Bodleian MS Laud Misc 723) have been transcribed and edited by W J Blair in LDLHS vol 3 no 9, 1975;
Copy deeds and papers relating to the manor, 1546-1773, and to other lands of the Stydolfs and Tryons in Surrey can be found among the estate papers of the Earls of Harrowby, Sandon Hall, Staffs (vol 931), the fourth earl having purchased High Ashurst manor, part of Mickleham manor, formerly held by the Stydolfs and Tryons, in 1882 (see SHC Report 24).
The Manor of Pachenesham Parva or Randalls:
Items relating to the later history of the estate can be found under references K176/12/8 (c.1763), K35/2/7 (1807) and 6090 (1706-1859);
Two charters, of c.1170 and c.1190, relating to the origins of the southern part of the manor (see introduction), are held by Merton College, Oxford (Merton Muniments 633 and 634). Transcripts and translations are appended to W J Blair's article 'A Military Holding in Twelfth Century Leatherhead: Bockett Farm and the Origins of Pachenesham Parva', Proceedings of the Leatherhead and District Local History Society vol 4 no 1, 1977;
A survey of Randalls of 1788 is held at The National Archives under reference C54/6847.
For manorial records in general see P D A Harvey, Manorial Records (British Records Association 1984).
O Manning and W Bray, The History and Antiquities of the County of Surrey, vol 2, pp.668-671 (London 1809).
The Victoria History of the County of Surrey vol 3, pp.295-7 (London 1911).
E Vardey (ed), History of Leatherhead: A Town at the Crossroads (Leatherhead and District Local History Society 1988), especially chaps 1-2 by W J Blair.
A T Ruby, 'The Manor of Pachenesham, Leatherhead', Surrey Archaeological Collections LV, 1958.
Proceedings of the Leatherhead and District Local History Society, in particular articles by W J Blair cited in the list and:
A T Ruby 'The Story of Eustace de Hacche' (vol 1 no 3, 1949).
A T Ruby 'Lords of Pachenesham in the Fourteenth Century' (vol 1 no 6, 1952).
-Access Conditions There are no access restrictions
-- Series information for this collection
series: K6/1/ - THE MANOR OF PACHENESHAM AND LEATHERHEAD: RECORDS Date: 1322-1860 sub series: K6/1/1/ - COURT RECORDS Scope: The court records comprise parchment rolls and court books, paper drafts and two estreat rolls or lists of fines imposed at a court. The early draft rolls (K6/1/1/6-14), in which there are many corrections, deletions and omissions, are probably the pages of a paper book, the dismemberment of which appears to have led to the record of one view and court being split (see K6/1/1/9 and K6/1/1/10). Descriptions of the content of the manorial court rolls and the nature of the manor's jurisdiction at different stages in its historical development can be found in the introduction. Date: 1322-1824 Court roll of court baron. Parchment. 1 membrane. [For a calendar o... Title Court roll of court baron. Parchment. 1 membrane. [For a calendar of this roll prepared by W J Blair see Proceedings of the Leatherhead and District Local History Society (LDLHS) vol 4, no 1, 1977] Reference K6/1/1/1 Unit Date 29 Jul 1322 Start Date 13220729 End Date 13220729 Court roll of courts baron held 21 Oct 1322 and 7 May 1323, described... Title Court roll of courts baron held 21 Oct 1322 and 7 May 1323, described as first court after Thomas de Weston's account. Parchment. 1 membrane with lower right corner missing; verso much faded. [For a calendar of this roll prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 4, no 1, 1977] Reference K6/1/1/2 Unit Date 21 Oct 1322 -7 May 1323 Start Date 13221021 End Date 13230507 Court roll of courts baron held 22 Jun 1323, 20 Sep 1323 and 13 Dec 1... Title Court roll of courts baron held 22 Jun 1323, 20 Sep 1323 and 13 Dec 1323. Parchment. 1 membrane. [For a calendar of this roll prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 4, no 1, 1977] Reference K6/1/1/3 Unit Date 22 Jun 1323 -13 Dec 1323 Start Date 13230622 End Date 13231213 Court roll of court baron. Parchment. 1 membrane with thong threade... Title Court roll of court baron. Parchment. 1 membrane with thong threaded through top. [For a calendar of this roll prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 4, no 1, 1977] Reference K6/1/1/4 Unit Date 23 Apr 1324 Start Date 13240423 End Date 13240423 Court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Parchment. 1 mem... Title Court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Parchment. 1 membrane. [For a calendar of this roll prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 4, no 1, 1977] Reference K6/1/1/5 Unit Date 22 Jun 1472 Start Date 14720622 End Date 14720622 Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 1 f... Title Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 1 folio. Edges much damaged. Reference K6/1/1/6 Unit Date 26 May 1495 Start Date 14950526 End Date 14950526 Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 2 f... Title Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 2 folios. Edges slightly damaged Reference K6/1/1/7 Unit Date 12 Jan 1503 Start Date 15030112 End Date 15030112 Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 1 f... Title Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 1 folio Reference K6/1/1/8 Unit Date 3 Aug 1504 Start Date 15040803 End Date 15040803 Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron held 13 Mar 1... Title Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron held 13 Mar 1505, and of what is very probably part of view and all of court baron held [?19] Sep 1506. (See verso of folio 2 of K6/1/1/10 for remainder of record of view). Paper. 2 folios. Edges slightly damaged. Reference K6/1/1/9 Unit Date 13 Mar 1505 -Sep 1506 Start Date 15050313 End Date 15060900 Draft court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron held 31 Mar... Title Draft court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron held 31 Mar 1506 and [?19] Sep 1506. Part of the record of the September view and the entire record of the same court baron very probably appear on folio 2 of K6/1/1/9. Paper. 2 folios. Lower right corner of folio 1 and right margin of folio 2 missing. Reference K6/1/1/10 Unit Date 31 Mar 1506 -Sep 1506 Start Date 15060331 End Date 15060900 Estreat roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 3 folio... Title Estreat roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 3 folios sewn end to end. Fines imposed on 10 men for failing to attend view (2d); on a butcher and fishmonger for selling meat and fish at an excessive price (4d); on 5 brewers for breaking the assize (6d, 4d and 2d); on John Monde for an assault with a candelabra (12d); on 13 defaulting suitors (4d); on 7 men for cutting down trees on the lord's common (2d); on 5 men for fishing in the lord's water (2d); and on the Prior of Merton for failing to do homage for his lands called Lyndon (2s). Total 13s 8d. Reference K6/1/1/11 Unit Date 23 Oct 1509 Start Date 15091023 End Date 15091023 Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. This draft ... Title Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. This draft does not follow the customary order with court baron business being recorded first. Paper. 1 folio. Upper left corner missing Reference K6/1/1/12 Unit Date 23 May 1516 Start Date 15160523 End Date 15160523 Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 1 f... Title Draft court roll of view of frankpledge and court baron. Paper. 1 folio Reference K6/1/1/13 Unit Date 5 Jun 1517 Start Date 15170605 End Date 15170605 Draft court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron. 1 paper v... Title Draft court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron. 1 paper volume of 16 folios Reference K6/1/1/14 Unit Date 27 Mar 1520 -16 Mar 1526 Start Date 15200327 End Date 15260316 Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron. Parchment. 15 ... Title Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron. Parchment. 15 membranes tied at head. Verso of last membrane much faded. A comparison of the contents of the draft roll above and this fair copy shows that some small changes have been made, including an occasional more rational re-ordering and re-grouping of the items recorded and a filling in of gaps. Some items appear in the draft which have been excluded from the fair copy: for example an assault presented by the constable (Sep 1521), the death of Sir John Legh (May 1524) and the uses to which the deceased John Rympyngden had enfeoffed his freehold lands in the manor (Aug 1526). Reference K6/1/1/15 Unit Date 27 Mar 1520 -11 May 1540 Start Date 15200327 End Date 15400511 Enclosed in K6/1/1/15: Estreat list of views of frankpledge and court... Title Enclosed in K6/1/1/15: Estreat list of views of frankpledge and courts baron detailing fines imposed at 3 courts in K6/1/1/15. Paper. 1 folio. Fines imposed on residents for failing to attend view; on a butcher for selling meat for excessive profit; on bakers and brewers for breaking the assize of bread and ale; on two men for causing an affray; on tenants failing to pay suit of court. 4 heriots of animals, entry fines and one relief also levied. Reference K6/1/1/16 Unit Date 20 Apr 1534 -14 Apr 1535 Start Date 15340420 End Date 15350414 Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron of Thomas Stydolf... Title Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron of Thomas Stydolf esq. The membranes have been incorrectly tied together: membrane 5 should be placed after membrane 6, as it appears to contain the remainder of the business of the courts of 22 Jan 1597. Parchment. 10 membranes tied at head. Reference K6/1/1/17 Unit Date 15 Sep 1586 -24 Jul 1602 Start Date 15860915 End Date 16020724 Parchment cover for above: 'A Corte Roll of the Lordshippe or Mannor ... Title Parchment cover for above: 'A Corte Roll of the Lordshippe or Mannor of Pachensham and Letherhedd in Surrey beinge the inheritance of Thomas Stydolfe Esquire from Anno XXVIII unto Anno XLIIII Elizabethes Regne made by Willyam Penfolde stewarde there'. Reference K6/1/1/18 Unit Date nd [c.1602] Start Date 16010101 End Date 16031231 Estreat list for the courts leet and baron of 30 Oct 1588 and 30 Sep ... Title Estreat list for the courts leet and baron of 30 Oct 1588 and 30 Sep 1589 (see K6/1/1/17). Paper. 1 folio. English. Fines imposed for 'making a fraye and beatinge'; for failure to attend the view; on 3 bakers 'for baking of breade and puttinge it to sale being under syse'; on John a Deane 'for puttinge to sale his beare and not filling his vesselle'; on Nicholas Johnsone (the miller) 'for takinge to muche tolle'; on Moses A Deane 'for breakinge ye assyse'; for failure to pay suit of court; for licenses to lease copyhold lands; for an entry fine and heriot. Reference K6/1/1/19 Unit Date 3 Oct 1588 -30 Sep 1589 Start Date 15881003 End Date 15890930 Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron of Francis Stydol... Title Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron of Francis Stydolf, 1654-1655; Richard Stydolf, 1658-1663; and of James Lord Astley and his wife Frances and of James Tryon and his wife Margaret, Frances and Margaret being co-heirs of Richard Stydolf, 1682-1685. Courts held 6 Oct 1654-5 Oct 1655; 16 Apr 1658-6 Apr 1659; 18 Mar 1662-23 May 1663 and 10 Apr 1682-16 Jun 1685 (court baron only, 1683-85). In English, 1654-1659. Parchment. 8 membranes numbered 16 to 23, tied at head Reference K6/1/1/20 Unit Date 6 Oct 1654 -16 Jun 1685 Start Date 16541006 End Date 16850616 Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron of Charles Tryon ... Title Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron of Charles Tryon and Thomas Trapps, guardian of James Tryon, 1702-1703; Charles and James Tryon, 1704; and James Tryon, 1705. Parchment. 3 membranes numbered 36 to 38, tied at head Reference K6/1/1/21 Unit Date 20 Oct 1702 -15 Oct 1705 Start Date 17021020 End Date 17051015 Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron of James Tryon, 1... Title Court roll of views of frankpledge and courts baron of James Tryon, 1706-1722; and of Charles Tryon, 1723-1727. Parchment. 7 membranes numbered 39 to 45, tied at head. Reference K6/1/1/22 Unit Date 17 Oct 1706 -24 Oct 1727 Start Date 17061017 End Date 17271024 Court roll of courts leet and baron of Charles Tryon. In English fro... Title Court roll of courts leet and baron of Charles Tryon. In English from 1733. Parchment. 9 membranes sewn at head Reference K6/1/1/23 Unit Date 20 Oct 1729 -18 Oct 1736 Start Date 17291020 End Date 17361018 Court book of courts leet and baron of Charles Tryon, 1737-1743; Lady... Title Court book of courts leet and baron of Charles Tryon, 1737-1743; Lady Mary Tryon, 1744-1761. Parchment Reference K6/1/1/24 Unit Date 17 Oct 1737 -13 Oct 1761 Start Date 17371017 End Date 17611013 Draft court book of courts leet and baron. The book is divided into ... Title Draft court book of courts leet and baron. The book is divided into 2 parts and the pages numbered 1-118 and 1-144. An index of personal names to the first part appears after page 118 and a similar index to the second part appears at the end of the volume. Paper Reference K6/1/1/25 Unit Date 25 Oct 1742 -27 Sep 1753 Start Date 17421025 End Date 17530927 Court book of courts leet and baron of Mary Tryon, 1762-1764; Charles... Title Court book of courts leet and baron of Mary Tryon, 1762-1764; Charles Tryon, 1765; Anthony Chapman, 1766-1772; Samuel Wegg, 1773-1774 [steward of the manor, 1766-1772 and 1785-1781]; Benjamin Bond Hopkins, 1775-1781; Henry Boulton, 1782-1811. Parchment Personal names index to pages 1 to 190 (out of 237) inserted at front of volume. Personal names index containing same names but different page numbers and with names struck through, inserted at rear of volume [probably the index to a draft court book, no longer extant]. Reference K6/1/1/26 Unit Date 11 May 1762 -26 Aug 1811 Start Date 17620511 End Date 18110826 Draft court book, entitled 'Short Minutes' of courts leet and baron o... Title Draft court book, entitled 'Short Minutes' of courts leet and baron of Henry Boulton, 1818-1823; Robert Ladbroke, 1835-1843; and Felix Ladbroke, 1846-1857. Courts held 26 Oct 1818-3 Nov 1823; 19 Nov 1835-20 Jun 1843; 8 Aug-24 Nov 1846; 18 May 1848; 27 Nov 1854; 28 Apr 1857. Courts leet are only held 19 Nov 1835, 17 Nov 1836 and 18 May 1848. Paper. Partially filled. The minutes are signed by the homage and some of the recorded memoranda signed by the parties. After the final court are memoranda recording the granting of royal assent to the Act of Parliament for the enclosure of the common field and commons, 13 Aug 1859; the enfranchisement of the land of the Portsmouth Railway Company, 9 Sep 1859; the sale of the manor by Felix Ladbroke to Robert Henderson, 10 Sep 1859 and the appointment of William Murray as steward, 22 Dec 1859. Notes by the steward state that these memoranda were entered by the steward in the court book in Apr 1860 Reference K6/1/1/27 Unit Date 26 Oct 1818 -Apr 1860 Start Date 18181026 End Date 18600400 Warrant to bailiff to summon tenants and draft notice to all tenants ... Title Warrant to bailiff to summon tenants and draft notice to all tenants owing suit and service that courts leet and baron are to be held at the Swan Inn, 4 Nov 1824 Reference K6/1/1/28 Unit Date Nov 1824 Start Date 18241100 End Date 18241100
sub series: K6/1/2/ - RENTALS Date: 1418-1783 Rental of the manor of Pachenesham renewed and examined in the first ... Title Rental of the manor of Pachenesham renewed and examined in the first court with view of frankpledge of William Massy. Parchment. 2 membranes sewn end to end. The rental details the holdings, rents and services of the tenants of the manor paying rents of assize or fixed rents, those of the villein tenants, the rents due from the various parcels of the leased out demesne and decays of rents grouped under separate headings. Former tenants are frequently recorded. Some amendments and additions, including totals, added in a different hand. Two largely obliterated later memoranda follow the decays of rents. [For a calendar of this rental prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 3, no 10, 1976] Reference K6/1/2/1 Unit Date 1 Oct 1418 Start Date 14181001 End Date 14181001 Rental detailing holdings, rents and services of tenants paying fixed... Title Rental detailing holdings, rents and services of tenants paying fixed rents. Paper. 3 folios sewn end to end. All that survives of the heading are the words 'quarti quartodecimo'. The names of former tenants prove that this rental must postdate K6/1/2/1 and thus must date from the fourteenth year of Edward IV. The tenements which appear as villein land, demesne land or are listed under the decays of rents in K6/1/2/1 do not appear in this rental and some entries appear not to have been altered since 1418. Some later additions and alterations. Memorandum in different hand that Ralph Bussh [lord of the manor c.1415-1418] holds the manor and vill of Leatherhead as of the honour of Dover and that the manor is worth 8 marks from rents, £11 11s 8d from farms and £4 from the farm of a windmill (verso, top). Memorandum in a third hand that a demise was made by R son of John B of the manor of Pachenesham in 1494/5 to hold for 15 years at £14 pa (verso, after rental). [For a calendar of this rental prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 3, no 10, 1976] Reference K6/1/2/2 Unit Date nd [1475] Start Date 14750101 End Date 14751231 Rental of the manor of Pachensham renewed there by the tenants. Pape... Title Rental of the manor of Pachensham renewed there by the tenants. Paper. 6 folios sewn end to end. The rental details the holdings, rents and services of tenants paying rents of assize and of those holding customary land. Former tenants are frequently recorded. Some corrections and additions have been made in a later hand. Although the rents remain almost entirely unaltered, the tenants of Oxencroftes and Katerynfeld are now recorded as owing military service, in addition to their money rents. [For a calendar of this rental prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 3, no 10, 1976] Reference K6/1/2/3 Unit Date 22 May 1509 Start Date 15090522 End Date 15090522 Rental of the quit rents of the manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead ... Title Rental of the quit rents of the manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead for the year ended at Michaelmas 1693. Parchment. 1 roll. The rental lists the tenants, their holdings, whether freehold or copyhold, and the rent due. Former tenants are sometimes recorded. Reference K6/1/2/4 Unit Date 1693 Start Date 16930101 End Date 16931231 Rental of the quit rents of the manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead ... Title Rental of the quit rents of the manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead for the year ending at Michaelmas 1705. Parchment. 2 membranes sewn end to end. Contents as above. Some of the tenants' names have been corrected and the heading altered to read 1711. Reference K6/1/2/5 Unit Date 1705-1711 Start Date 17050101 End Date 17111231 Rental of the quit rents of the manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead ... Title Rental of the quit rents of the manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead for the year ending at Michaelmas 1711. Parchment. 2 membranes sewn end to end. Contents as in K6/1/2/4. The rental incorporates the alterations in K6/1/2/5, but has again been updated and corrected at a later date. Reference K6/1/2/6 Unit Date 1711 Start Date 17110101 End Date 17111231 Quit rental. Paper. 2 folios. The rental is in table form and arran... Title Quit rental. Paper. 2 folios. The rental is in table form and arranged in alphabetical order of tenant's surname. Lands are described very briefly under the headings freehold and copyhold and are often not named. Reference K6/1/2/7 Unit Date 30 Apr 1783 Start Date 17830430 End Date 17830430
sub series: K6/1/3/ - OTHER RECORDS Date: 1586-1828 Bond in £50 from Robert Sandes of Leatherhead to Thomas Stydolf of St... Title Bond in £50 from Robert Sandes of Leatherhead to Thomas Stydolf of St Giles in the Fields that Sandes will perform all agreements and covenants in bargain and sale of the same date [by which he conveyed to Stydolf two third parts of a fourth part of the manor of Pachenesham and Leatherhead (see 2770 for licence to alienate)]. Copy of bond made before the Queen in Chancery Reference K6/1/3/1 Unit Date 12 Feb 1586 Start Date 15860212 End Date 15860212 Deed of appointment of Bury Hutchinson, gent of Russell Square, as st... Title Deed of appointment of Bury Hutchinson, gent of Russell Square, as steward of the manor by Richard Boulton of Gibbon [Givons] Grove, Surrey, granting Hutchinson customary 'fees, profits and perquisites' Reference K6/1/3/2 Unit Date 29 Oct 1828 Start Date 18281029 End Date 18281029
series: K6/2/ - THE MANOR OF PACHENESHAM PARVA OR RANDALLS: RECORDS: c.1300-1383 Date: sub series: K6/2/1/ - COURT ROLLS Date: 1328-1338 Court roll of courts baron of William de Westone, guardian of John th... Title Court roll of courts baron of William de Westone, guardian of John the son and heir of Margaret, the daughter and heiress of John de Leddrede. Parchment. 1 membrane, verso very faded. The manor was never granted the franchise of view of frankpledge and thus the rolls only record the business of the court baron. This includes the receiving of fealty (this forms the entire business of the 1328 court); sometimes after documentary evidence of title has been produced; distraints of defaulting suitors, distraints of military tenants to do homage (Jun 1338); the apportionment of rents; the imposition of amercements on tenants allowing their animals to stray and an inquisition into the holdings of a villein tenant who has forfeited his tenements for wasting them and the admission of his heir (Jul 1336). [For a transcript and translation of this roll, prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 3, no 9, 1975] Reference K6/2/1/1 Unit Date 30 Jul 1328 -31 Jan 1331 Start Date 13280730 End Date 13310131 Court roll of courts baron of John Randolff. Courts held 13 Dec 1333,... Title Court roll of courts baron of John Randolff. Courts held 13 Dec 1333, 2 Jul 1336, 23 Nov 1336 and 30 Jun 1338. Parchment. 1 membrane. [For a transcript and translation of this roll, prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 3, no 9, 1975] Reference K6/2/1/2 Unit Date 13 Dec 1333 -30 Jun 1338 Start Date 13331213 End Date 13380630
sub series: K6/2/2/ - RENTALS Date: [POST 1286]-1383 Rental of John de Leatherhead. French. Parchment. 1 membrane. Top... Title Rental of John de Leatherhead. French. Parchment. 1 membrane. Top of verso faded. The rental must date from between 1286 and 1306 as it mentions Eustace de Hacche, lord of Pachenesham Magna between those dates, as holding a mill of John de Leatherhead for which he owes rent and scutage when this is levied. On the recto the rental details the manorial tenants, their holdings, rents and services (only two tenants are specified as owing labour services), and also other rights of the lord of the manor. These include rights over the pasture known as 'la Kyngesdone', which he owns with Maurice de la Grave and William de Oxenecrofte, and the right to have as many people in his tithing as he wishes and to receive the surplus revenue collected from the tithing. Several of the entries have been deleted, in particular a long entry detailing lands held by William le Shepherd of the King's fee, and those lands sold by William and his father Henry. A later hand has corrected many of the entries to make the rental reflect the situation in c1328. At the foot of the recto a table has been appended showing the rents owed by 9 tenants at each quarter. 8 of these tenants appear in the next rental of c.1326 x 28 (K6/2/2/2). The verso details the rents and services owed by John de Leatherhead for additional arable and meadow in Leatherhead, rented from several landowners, including the king. Also included in the section are payments to the heirs of Mountfichets and to Sir John d'Abernon, the overlords of John de Leatherhead's estates (see introduction). After this section a different hand has appended a summary of the demesne arable and pasture. The arable comprised 101 acres to the north at Pachenesham and 140 acres to the south in Leatherhead and in addition to 36 acres of pasture and woodland, scattered among several plots, there was sufficient enclosed pasture on the commons to north and south for 900 sheep. [For a transcript and translation of this rental prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 3, no 8, 1974] Reference K6/2/2/1 Unit Date nd [1286-1306] Start Date 12860101 End Date 13061231 Rental of John de Leatherhead with five associated documents attached... Title Rental of John de Leatherhead with five associated documents attached by a parchment thong. Of these 6 items, three are dated and fall between Nov 1326 and Feb 1328. It is likely that the remaining three are of similar dates and possible that the group was assembled for the purposes of a general survey of the manor when William de Westone took over the wardship of John de Leatherhead's heir which was granted to him in May 1326. A date of around 1328 is further suggested by the fact that many of the tenants named in the rentals also appear in the first court roll (ref K6/2/1/1) [For transcript and translation of these items prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 3 no 8, 1974 (Blair's numbering of b-f has been reversed to preserve the original order of the group).] a) Rental of John de Leatherhead, c.1328, of his tenants, made at Pachenesham, detailing incoming rents and certain payments from these rents to 3 men, 'which John Randolf sold to them to have until the full age of the heir'. Parchment. 1 membrane. Details of the lands held are frequently not given. Many of the tenants named also appear in f), in K6/2/1/3 and in the first court roll of 1328 (ref K6/2/1/1). The John de Leatherhead referred to seems likely to be the under age heir to the manor rather than the John de Leatherhead of the first rental as John Randolf is already exercising some degree of authority over the manor. Some additions and alterations. b) Memorandum that John Edgar and Robert Brid impounded 16 animals for trespass in the lord's pasture, 11 Nov 1326, and 1 foal for trespass in the lord's corn soon after. 1 slip of parchment. 1 membrane, much faded. c) Account of Robert le Brid and John le Potiere, shepherds at Pachenesham, 29 Sep 1327, detailing the ewes, rams, sheep and hogs for which they are separately charged by tally, gains and losses through death or despatch elsewhere during 1326-27 and the total of sheep remaining in the custody of each, which totals have been entered in the account of John Edgar, bailiff of Pachenesham Parva. 1 slip of parchment. d) Memorandum of payments in barley to the servants of Pachenesham Parva, 24 Feb 1328: Nicholas Obright the drover, John le Potiere, Richard the shepherd, Clemence the servant-woman, who looked after the pigeons and hens and John Sigar. 1 slip of parchment. e) Memorandum of [?arrears of] rents owed by Robert Darcy, John Faukes, Richard atte Leghe and William atte Burghe, c.1328. 1 slip of parchment. f) Rental, c.1328. Parchment. 1 membrane. The order of tenants is basically that followed in a) above but more details of holdings are generally provided. The verso includes entries detailing tenants of the manor holding land in Leatherhead of Thorncroft manor and rent received from land in Great Bookham called Bradele. A note states that the all the tenants of Pachenesham are to be summoned [perhaps to the 1328 court to do fealty to the heir to the manor]. Some additions and alterations. Reference K6/2/2/2 Unit Date Nov 1326 -24 Feb 1328 Start Date 13261100 End Date 13280224 Rental of the lands 'which will fall by hereditary right to John, son... Title Rental of the lands 'which will fall by hereditary right to John, son and heir of Margaret, the daughter and heiress of John de Leatherhead'. Parchment, 1 membrane. The rental clearly dates from the minority of John, grandson of John de Leatherhead, which appears to have begun by 1322 and had ended by Dec 1333 when John Randolf was lord of the manor. It may also have been associated with William de Westone assuming wardship over the heir in 1326 as the names of tenants and their holdings are generally the same as in K6/2/2/1-2 above. The recto details the tenants and their rents (lands often not specified), totalling 45s 10d; outgoing payments; the extent and value of arable at Pachenesham (91 acres) and Thorncroft (129 acres) and of pasture, meadow and woodland; and the value of 2 gardens with a mill and a pigeon-house. The verso, which is much worn and illegible in places, mentions 2 messuages, one in Leatherhead, a garden, 2 granaries, 32 acres of land attached to the Leatherhead messuage, and a total of 33½ acres of meadow. The fines in court from these properties belong to the King. Revenues to the value of 100s pa are also due to John from his father's inheritance [?John Randolf]. Another hand has added a list of tenants of Margaret who were formerly tenants of Roger Godman, with the extent of their tenements. [For a transcript and translation of this rental prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 3 no 8, 1974] Reference K6/2/2/3 Unit Date nd [1322 x 1333] Start Date 13220101 End Date 13331231 Rental of William Randolf. Latin on recto, French on verso. Parchme... Title Rental of William Randolf. Latin on recto, French on verso. Parchment. 1 membrane, much worn and faded. The bulk of the rental lists the tenants and their holdings down the left side of the membrane and their quarterly payments in four columns on the right. Other payments are listed in single column following this section and the rental ends with the names and holdings of four people, farming 'the dower of Stoughton'. Some corrections, additions and deletions. [For a transcript and translation of this rental prepared by W J Blair see LDLHS vol 3 no 9, 1975] Reference K6/2/2/4 Unit Date 1 Oct 1383 Start Date 13831001 End Date 13831001
series: K6/3/ - MANOR OF SOUTHALL IN OWERSBY, LINCS: COURT ROLL Scope: The manor of Southall in Owersby appears to have been held by the Stydolf family in the sixteenth century, which explains how this stray roll was found in a collection of Pachenesham manorial records. John Wildbore, named lord of the manor in this roll, had the manor settled on him, probably in right of his wife, by final concord in 1384 (Lincolnshire Archives Office, FLr8, p70), but this roll demonstrates that he was in possession before this date. He appears only to have had a life interest in the manor with remainder to John Tournay. Lincolnshire Archives Office holds two fragments of court rolls of the manor (LAO, MON 2/31), the earlier of 1407-9, when Agnes Tournay was lady, the later of 1447, when John Tournay was lord. The Stydolfs, having acquired the manor, leased it from 1571 to the Monson family of Lincoln. Henry Monson acquired it outright in 1683 (LAO MON 2/13/14-15) and further deeds relating to the manor can be found among the Monson family papers in Lincolnshire Archives Office Date: 1381-1382 Court roll of courts of John Wildbore held at Owersby. Courts held 1 ... Title Court roll of courts of John Wildbore held at Owersby. Courts held 1 Jul 1381, 15 Jan 1382 and 6 Feb 1382. Parchment. 1 membrane, much worn. Although there were two manors in Owersby, this roll clearly relates to Southall as it alone was held by Wildbore and the Stydolfs. The first two courts are described as 'magna curia' and in these leet jurisdiction is being exercised such as the enforcement of the assize of bread and ale. Much of the business concerns the failure of tenants to maintain buildings, bridges etc. The first court includes a case of debt, more normally a court baron matter, but no transfers of land are recorded. The second court includes a list of assessed goods ('bona taxata') but there is no indication as to the context of the assessment. Of the final court, called merely 'curia', only the excuses and defaulters survive. Reference K6/3/1 Unit Date 1 Jul 1381 -6 Feb 1382 Start Date 13810701 End Date 13820206
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